银杏叶提取物对大鼠肾脏缺血-再灌注损伤热休克蛋白表达的影响

目的　探讨银杏叶提取物通过诱导热休克蛋白的合成 ,保护大鼠肾脏缺血 再灌注损伤作用与机理。方法　 34只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组 (n =10 )、单纯缺血 再灌注组 (n =12 )、缺血再灌注 +银杏叶提取物处理组 (n=12 )。通过免疫组织化学方法观察诱导型HSP70的表达情况。结果　与假手术组相比 ,单纯缺血 再灌注组肾小管上皮细胞呈明显的缺血性改变 ,HSP70表达明显增强 ,两组差异有显著性(P <0 0 1) ;缺血再灌注 +银杏叶提取物处理组与单纯缺血 再灌注组相比 ,肾小管上皮细胞缺血性改变减轻 ,HSP70表达增强 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　银杏叶提取物诱导大鼠肾缺血 再灌注组织中HSP70表达 ,减轻大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤     

热休克蛋白90a癌胚抗原与糖类抗原199在胃癌患者外周血中的表达与意义

目的 探讨胃癌患者血浆中热休克蛋白90a （Hsp90a）、血清中癌胚抗原（CEA）和糖类抗原199（CA199）的表达水平及其对胃癌诊断及预后判定的临床价值。方法 选取2018年1月至2019年1月安徽医科大学第一附属医院收治的86例初治胃癌患者为胃癌组,选取同期体检中心94例健康体检者作为对照组,采用酶联免疫法和电化学发光法检测两组患者外周血中Hsp90a、CEA和CA199的表达水平,分析对比单一及联合检测的阳性率、灵敏度及特异度,并按临床病理特征进行亚组分析。结果 胃癌组患者的Hsp90a、CEA和CA199的表达水平均高于对照组[（100.38±74.68）vs（60.70±15.62）、（24.11±96.95）vs（2.24±1.51）和（167.96±1 085.37）vs（11.16±15.23）],表达阳性率亦高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;胃癌组Hsp90a、CEA和CA199的单一检测胃癌的灵敏度分别为51.16%、30.23%和16.28%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,特异度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,三者联合检测达到最高灵敏度,总体特异度有所下降;CEA、CA199的表达水平与淋巴结转移数目及临床分期呈显著正相关（P<0.05）,Hsp90a与有无胸腹水、肿瘤部位、分化程度、浸润深度等临床特征无明显相关性（P>0.05）。结论 胃癌患者外周血中的Hsp90a、CEA和CA199呈高表达,三者联合检测具有一定诊断效能。     

视屏作业人员职业紧张与热应激蛋白70表达关系的研究

目的通过检测视屏作业人员外周血淋巴细胞中热应激蛋白70(HSP70)表达水平,结合职业紧张测试结果进行综合分析,探讨HSP70表达水平作为职业紧张监测生物标志物的可能性。方法采用职业紧张量表(OSI)对宁夏某银行工龄>1a的108名视屏作业人员进行问卷调查,并按照职业紧张因素得分的四分位数间距法将其分为低、中、高3个紧张组,同时应用免疫印迹法(western bolt)测定外周血淋巴细胞中HSP70表达量。结果低、中、高紧张组HSP70表达水平分别为6.20±0.78、5.83±0.62、5.62±0.48,3组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);相关分析结果也表明,随着紧张程度的增高,外周血淋巴细胞中HSP70表达水平降低(r=-0.376,P<0.01),且有多个职业紧张因素与外周血淋巴细胞中HSP70水平关系密切。结论外周血淋巴细胞中HSP70表达水平可作为评价慢性职业应激的直接、客观的指标。     

模拟湿热环境下军人习服训练干预研究

目的通过对高温、高湿环境下习服训练的研究,探索热习服行之有效的训练方法,确保部队在应急条件下的战斗力。方法受试对象为60名男性军校学员,年龄在18～20岁,实验组对照组各30名,经体检和《军人体能标准》测试均合格;实验组学员在预定好的高温、高湿环境下训练,并进行生理生化指标的检测。结果实验组学员高温高湿环境下12min跑成绩测试和未参加训练的对照组学员成绩差异有统计学意义（t=1.06,P〈0.000 1）,并且肛温、5点皮肤温度在逐渐增加环境的温、湿度和运动强度的训练过程中逐步趋于平稳,心率和血压趋势良好,已获得热习服。结论在科学的安排和合理的运动量下,高温、高湿环境下短时间系统的训练即可获得热习服。     

热休克蛋白72肽结合区对肾小管上皮间质转分化的影响

目的 探讨热休克蛋白72肽结合区在肾小管上皮间质转分化(EMT)过程中的作用和可能机制.方法 应用质粒转染方法分别诱导热休克蛋白72(HSP72)野生型、肽结合区缺失型(HSP72-△PBD)和肽结合区(PBD)的表达.用转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)刺激大鼠肾小管上皮细胞(NRK-52E)48 h,Western印迹和免疫荧光染色检测细胞E-钙黏蛋白(cadherin),α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(SMA),HSP72和Smad3/磷酸化(p)-Smad3蛋白表达.结果 TGF-β1(10 μg/L)刺激NRK-52E细胞48 h后上调α-SMA和下调E-cadherin蛋白表达水平.Western印迹及细胞免疫荧光显示,过表达HSP72和PBD能明显减轻TGF-β1诱导的NRK-52E细胞E-cadherin蛋白表达下调和α-SMA蛋白表达上调,而过表达HSP72-△PBD不能改变上述蛋白的表达.此外,过表达HSP72和PBD显著抑制Smad3的磷酸化.结论 HSP72抑制Smad3活化和EMT的发生可能与PBD的功能有关.     

Epitope based recombinant BCG vaccine elicits specific Th1 polarized immune responses in BALB/c mice

Developing an efficacious vaccine is one of the highest priorities in tuberculosis research. A vaccine based on T cell epitopes representing multiple antigens is an ideal approach to generate effective cellular immunity against the disease. In the present study, we have selected four T cell epitopes from four well defined Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens, Ag85C (Rv2903c), 10-kDa culture filtrate protein (CFP-10) (Rv3874), PPE68 (Rv3873) and INV (Rv1478). The epitope encoding genes were grafted into a Cpn 10 based epitope delivery system. The cpn 10-epitope chimeras were further cloned and expressed in BCG to obtain four rBCGs (BCG::CFP, BCG::FBP, BCG::PPE and BCG::INV). Both cellular and humoral immune responses induced by these r-BCG strains were evaluated in BALB/c mice after subcutaneous injection of a single dose of 1×10(6)CFU of the individual rBCGs. Compared to the parent BCG immunized animals the splenocytes derived from rBCG vaccinated groups showed greater antigen specific proliferation, characterized with higher IFN-γ response and reduced IL-4 secretion. Also rBCG vaccination was able to induce specific humoral immune response with an enhanced IgG2a/IgG1 ratio. The rBCGs therefore favor an epitope specific Th1 type response, which is known to be important for mycobacterial immunity. Further when two of the rBCGs (BCG::CFP and BCG::FBP) were tested for their protective efficacy both the rBCGs were comparable to BCG in a H37Rv challenge study performed in guinea pigs.     

穴位热痛刺激治疗无先兆偏头痛的近期镇痛疗效观察

目的 观察穴位热痛刺激治疗无先兆偏头痛患者的近期镇痛疗效。 方法 采用随机数字表法将120例无先兆偏头痛患者分为观察组及对照组，每组60例。对照组患者给予西比灵口服，每晚1次，每次5 mg，治疗4周为1个疗程。观察组患者在对照组干预基础上辅以穴位热痛刺激，取穴风池、率谷、阳陵泉、外关、太阳、印堂，选用Pathway疼痛及感觉评估系统配置的圆形刺激器，当刺激器加热至54.5 ℃时发放可调节脉冲热刺激，单个脉冲热刺激其脉宽为0.3 s，刺激间隔10 s，每个穴位连续刺激5次后换下一穴位，各穴位循环交替刺激，共治疗20 min，每日治疗1次，治疗4周为1个疗程。记录治疗前、后2组患者头痛发作频率、持续时间、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、头痛伴随症状评分、偏头痛特异生活质量问卷量表（MSQ）评分，并对比2组患者近期疗效差异。 结果 治疗后观察组患者头痛发作频率［（1.27±0.13）次/月］、头痛持续时间［（2.51±0.22）分钟/次］、疼痛VAS评分［（0.43±0.08）分］、头痛伴随症状评分［（0.21±0.20）分］、MSQ功能受限评分［（79.0±10.2）分］、功能障碍评分［（82.6±10.3）分］及情感评分［（85.2±10.5）分］均较治疗前及对照组明显改善（均P<0.05）；另外治疗后观察组患者总有效率（95.0%）亦显著优于对照组水平（80.0%），组间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。所有患者在治疗期间其心率、血压均未出现不良反应，热痛刺激部位无感染、红肿等异常表现。 结论 穴位热痛刺激治疗无先兆偏头痛患者近期疗效显著，并且治疗过程安全可靠、副反应少，为偏头痛患者提供了一种新的治疗方法，值得临床推广、应用。     

Changes in Air Temperature and Its Relation to Ambulance Transports Due to Heat Stroke in All 47 Prefectures of Japan

Objectives

Changes in air temperature and its relation to ambulance transports due to heat stroke in all 47 prefectures, in Japan were evaluated.

Methods

Data on air temperature were obtained from the Japanese Meteorological Agency. Data on ambulance transports due to heat stroke was directly obtained from the Fire and Disaster Management Agency, Japan. We also used the number of deaths due to heat stroke from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan, and population data from the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. Chronological changes in parameters of air temperature were analyzed. In addition, the relation between air temperature and ambulance transports due to heat stroke in August 2010 was also evaluated by using an ecological study.

Results

Positive and significant changes in the parameters of air temperature that is, the mean air temperature, mean of the highest air temperature, and mean of the lowest air temperature were noted in all 47 prefectures. In addition, changes in air temperature were accelerated when adjusted for observation years. Ambulance transports due to heat stroke was significantly correlated with air temperature in the ecological study. The highest air temperature was significantly linked to ambulance transports due to heat stroke, especially in elderly subjects.

Conclusions

Global warming was demonstrated in all 47 prefectures in Japan. In addition, the higher air temperature was closely associated with higher ambulance transports due to heat stroke in Japan.     

Age of onset of bipolar disorder: Combined effect of childhood adversity and familial loading of psychiatric disorders

BackgroundFamily history and adversity in childhood are two replicated risk factors for early onset bipolar disorder. However, their combined impact has not been adequately studied.MethodsBased on questionnaire data from 968 outpatients with bipolar disorder who gave informed consent, the relationship and interaction of: 1) parental and grandparental total burden of psychiatric illness; and 2) the degree of adversity the patient experienced in childhood on their age of onset of bipolar disorder was examined with multiple regression and illustrated with a heat map.ResultsThe familial loading and child adversity vulnerability factors were significantly related to age of onset of bipolar and their combined effect was even larger. A heat map showed that at the extremes (none of each factor vs high amounts of both) the average age of onset differed by almost 20 years (mean = 25.8 vs 5.9 years of age).LimitationsThe data were not based on interviews of family members and came from unverified answers on a patient questionnaire.ConclusionsFamily loading for psychiatric illness and adversity in childhood combine to have a very large influence on age of onset of bipolar disorder. These variables should be considered in assessment of risk for illness onset in different populations, the need for early intervention, and in the design of studies of primary and secondary prevention.